Best Pictures: 2012 Nat Geo Photo Contest Winners









































































































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Obama Poised to Name New Defense, Treasury Chiefs













With the "fiscal cliff" crisis behind him, President Obama is poised to name two new key players to his cabinet, with both announcements expected to come next week.


Obama will name the replacement for outgoing Defense Secretary Leon Panetta as soon as Monday, sources told ABC News. Former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel is the likely nominee, they said.


Meanwhile, the president is also eyeing a replacement for outgoing Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, the longest-serving member of Obama's first-term economic team and one-time lead negotiator for the administration in the "fiscal cliff" talks.


Current chief of staff Jack Lew is all but certain to get the nod for Treasury, according to people familiar with Obama's thinking.


A White House spokesman cautioned that the president has not yet made a final decision on either post, calling reports about Hagel and Lew "merely guessing."


Still, when Obama returns from his Hawaiian vacation on Sunday, he's expected to waste little time filling out his team for a second term.


Geithner has said he would remain at his post "until around the inauguration" Jan. 20, a Treasury spokesperson noted Thursday, putting the department potentially in transition just as the administration confronts the next "cliffs" over the automatic spending cuts and nation's debt limit.






Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images











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During an appearance on ABC's "This Week" in April, Geithner said the next Treasury secretary would need to be someone who is "willing to tell [Obama] the truth and, you know, help him do the tough things you need to do."


Lew, a former two-time Office of Management and Budget director and trusted Obama confidant who has held the chief of staff role since early 2012, is the front-runner for the job.


Meanwhile, Sen. John Kerry -- Obama's nominee to replace outgoing Secretary of State Hillary Clinton -- has begun making more regular appearances at the U.S. State Department before his expected confirmation later this month.


His Senate hearings are set to begin shortly after Obama's inauguration, sources say. The administration still expects Clinton to testify about the Sept. 11 Benghazi, Libya, attacks before Kerry is confirmed.


But it is the potential nomination of Republican Hagel that has caused the most stir.


Critics from across the political spectrum have taken aim at the former senator from Nebraska's record toward Israel and what some have called a lack of experience necessary to lead the sprawling Pentagon bureaucracy or its operations. The controversy has set the stage for what would be a contentious confirmation process.


"A lot of Republicans and Democrats are very concerned about Chuck Hagel's position on Iran sanctions, his views toward Israel, Hamas and Hezbollah, and that there is wide and deep concern about his policies," Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., told "Fox News Sunday."


He would not say whether Republicans felt so strongly as to expect a filibuster of the nomination.


"I can tell you there would be very little Republican support for his nomination," Graham said. "At the end of the day, they will be very few votes."


Still, Hagel, 66, a former businessman and decorated veteran who served in the Vietnam War, has won praise and admiration from current and former diplomats for his work on Obama's Intelligence Advisory Board and Panetta's Policy Advisory Board.





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Federal agencies bracing for cuts after ‘fiscal cliff’ deal



The eleventh-hour agreement to avoid a “fiscal cliff” of higher taxes put off the major cuts known as a sequester until March 1, when another showdown is expected over the federal debt limit and how much to reduce the size of government.


Congress and the White House agreed to find $24 billion to pay for the delay, divided between spending cuts and a tax change that allows Americans holding traditional retirement plans to convert more of them to Roth IRAs, a process that requires tax payments up front.

The remaining $12 billion in cuts to domestic and defense agencies will not take effect until at least March 27, when the stopgap budget funding the government expires. The first $4 billion in cuts must come by Sept. 30, the end of the fiscal year, and the remaining $8 billion in fiscal 2014, which will start Oct. 1.

The cuts will be rolled into budget deliberations on Capitol Hill, and no one knows what agencies and programs they will affect. Out of a discretionary spending budget of $1.04 trillion, $12 billion is relatively small. But it’s not a rounding error.

“There will be a few select cuts that will be painful,” said Patrick Lester, fiscal policy director at the Center for Effective Philanthropy (formerly OMB Watch). “We won’t know for months what those cuts are, which makes them easy to do.”

William R. Dougan, president of the National Federation of Federal Employees, said $12 billion “spread across the government doesn’t sound like a lot of money, but it depends on how it’s spread out.”

Even if each agency took a hit, some “will still be looking at furloughs and even [reductions in force] as a possible solution,” he said. Those are some of the near-certain actions many agencies have said they would take if they had to make the across-the-board cuts Congress imposed in 2011 to force itself to reckon with the federal deficit.

On Wednesday, government and union leaders said that threat, just two months away, is making them nervous.

Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta said Congress has “prevented the worst possible outcome by delaying sequestration for two months.”

But he warned that the “the specter of sequestration” threatens national security.

“We need to have stability in our future budgets,” Panetta said in a statement. “We need to have the resources to effectively execute our strategy, defend the nation, and meet our commitments to troops and their families after more than a decade of war.”

Several officials said they are still sorting out what the two-month delay means.

“We are working hard with [the Office of Management and Budget] to understand the impact, but we’re just not there yet,” said Army Lt. Col. Elizabeth Robbins, a Defense Department spokeswoman.

Defense consultant Jim McAleese said the deal to raise taxes on families with income above $450,000 and individuals earning more than $400,000 will bring in so much less revenue than the $250,000 threshold President Obama proposed that steep defense cuts are inevitable.

Instead of the $10 billion in cuts a year over 10 years that the Defense Department could have expected to see under Obama’s most recent deficit reduction plan, McAleese said the reductions could be more in the range of $15 billion to $20 billion a year over 10 years.

“People were talking before about defense cuts of $10 billion per year, but the sheer size of the disagreement is going to bring about an immediate, aggressive reaction that will impact the final outcome of the spending cuts,” he said.

Colleen M. Kelley, president of the National Treasury Employees Union, said of the $12 billion in cuts, “I would hope agencies could find these savings without impacts on front-line employees and without impacts on services to the public. We have more questions than answers right now.”

Steve Vogel contributed to this report.

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Olympics 100m bottle-thrower 'wanted Bolt to lose'






LONDON: A man screamed abuse at Usain Bolt before throwing a plastic beer bottle on to the track shortly before the men's 100 metres final at the London Olympics, prosecutors said at his trial on Thursday.

Ashley Gill-Webb, 34, pushed his way to the front of an exclusive seating area without a ticket and shouted things like: "Usain, I want you to lose," Stratford Magistrates' Court in east London was told.

As the sprinters went up into the 'set' position on their starting blocks for the race on August 5, Gill-Webb threw the green Heineken bottle on to the track behind the athletes, prosecutors said.

Bolt went on to win the race in 9.63sec to retain his 100m title.

Gill-Webb, from South Milford, near Leeds in northern England, denies two charges of using threatening words or behaviour with intent to cause harassment.

He was confronted by Dutch judoka Edith Bosch then restrained by Olympic volunteers and arrested by police at the Olympic Stadium in east London, the court was told.

After the beer bottle was thrown, Bosch said she had confronted him saying "Dude, are you crazy?"

The judoka, who won a bronze medal at the Games, said in a statement read out in court that she had been "flabbergasted" because what Gill-Webb had done was "so disrespectful".

The court heard that Gill-Webb had suffered manic episodes in 1997 and 1999 and claimed he did not remember throwing the bottle. He was treated at a psychiatric hospital following his arrest.

Prosecutors said his DNA had been found on the bottle and that CCTV showed him throwing it "in a lobbing motion".

Opening the case, prosecutor Neil King said: "In the stadium, along with the many thousands who should have been there legitimately and were watching the race in hushed anticipation, was also Mr Gill-Webb who it is now accepted was unwell at the time.

"His conduct at the time however, the Crown (Prosecution Service) say, was one that was causing harassment, alarm and distress to those around him and his conduct was one that he intended to cause harassment, alarm and distress.

"He had somehow, without a ticket ever being found on him, made his way into very exclusive seats indeed.

"He was mingling with members of the Dutch Olympic team. Indeed he would be within striking distance of a bronze medallist Ms Edith Bosch.

"Whilst there he hurled abuse towards the athletes in the final, particularly towards the eventual winner Usain Bolt."

"This bottle landed extremely close to the athletes and it's probably luck rather than Mr Gill-Webb's judgment that it did not do anything far more serious."

Gill-Webb was granted bail providing that he stays at his home address or at hospital. The case was adjourned until January 11.

- AFP/jc



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Punjabi songs deepening caste rift

JALANDHAR: When division on caste lines in Punjab especially in rural areas has been deepening, a good part of Punjabi songs have acted as a catalyst in the phenomena. After dozens of songs have been churned out eulogizing "jatt", his superiority in the past over two decades, this also caused a reaction among dalits with several songs coming out in the last three years revolving around a lower caste - as counter assertion of caste identity.

Even several Punjabi singers who consider themselves as true "servants of mother tongue Punjabi and its culture" have been singing songs to establish superiority of the jatt clan through music. "Do cheeza jatt mangda, daaru ghar di bandook baran bor di" and jatt jattan da te bholu narayan da bai gallan sachian kare" were sung by established singer Pammi Bai, several years ago.

Late Surjit Bindrakhia's song - ni toon jatt di pasand, jatt ne vihauni hai - conveying that everything happens according to a jatt boy's wishes, remained a huge success for several years and was played during marriages and other celebrations for dancing even by non-jatts.

Jazzy B sung "kehra jamm pia soorma jehra jatt di charrai nu roke", "jattiye jatt jugadi junde" by Veer Devinder and Miss Pooja's "crorepati jatt" by Raj Sidhu reflect that jatt is a synonym of overall superiority. Infect if something considered bad in society is associated with jatt, then it can be a worth following trend as Gavu Hunjan went on to project "jattan nu parrai hundi zehar vargi". In the same song, he even projected heroism as a Class-X student catching hold of his woman teacher as a lover "dasvin de vich badmashi shuru kar lai, math vali madam di baanh yaro farr lai".

However around five years ago, some dalit singers started the inverse trend and songs woven around a lower caste became a rage among socially and politically-awaken dalits. The trend was started around four years ago when singer S S Azad sang "ankhi putt chamaaran de" in a function at Ludhiana. The song got very popular through video-sharing site, and then other singers also started coming up with new number having this key word. This trend reached new heights in 2010.

Singer Vijay Momi in his album titled "Take over the world" has six songs using this word - "chamaar agge kaun khad-da, munde haan chamarran de asin", "duniya te vakhra he tohr hai chamaraan da", "chamaar kalla", among others. Female singer Anmol Virk's album, two years ago, used similar expressions - "buri nazar na lage kade vi putt chamaraan nu".

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Pictures We Love: Best of December

Photograph by Paula Bronstein, Getty Images

Elephants are likely one of the last things jittery coffee junkies think about while waiting for their latest shot of caffeine.

But these ponderous pachyderms are essential in the production of the latest brew from Black Ivory Coffee, a Thai company. The elephants, pictured above going for an early morning bath in northern Thailand on December 10, ingest Thai arabica coffee beans, digest them, and then expel them.

Workers pluck the processed beans from the elephant dung, wash them, and then roast them. Each serving costs about $50.

Asian elephants aren't the only animals involved in this type of 'refining' process. Asian palm civets are perhaps the most famous example of an animal whose digestive tract mellows the bitterness found in coffee beans.

Why We Love It

"The repetition of the elephants make this idyllic scene fascinating."—Amina El Banayosy, photo intern

"This picture is like a daydream, temporarily transplanting me somewhere far from the chaos and noise of city life. The pop of color in the first rider's red shirt, the sun pouring through dark clouds, and the ripples of water forming from the wading elephant are all nice details in this serene frame."—Ben Fitch, associate photo editor

Published January 3, 2013

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Senate Panel Probes Bin Laden Movie Torture Scenes












The Senate Intelligence Committee has launched a new probe to determine how much the CIA may have influenced the portrayal of torture scenes shown in "Zero Dark Thirty," the Hollywood dramatization of the decade-long hunt for Osama bin Laden.


The probe, as first reported by Reuters and confirmed to ABC News by a spokesperson for the committee's chairman, will attempt to answer two questions: Did the CIA give filmmakers "inappropriate" access to secret material and was the CIA responsible for the perceived suggestion that harsh interrogation techniques aided the hunt for America's most wanted man?


In a press release today, Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Sen. Dianne Feinstein's office said Feinstein, Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Carl Levin (D.-Mich.) and former Presidential candidate John McCain (R.-Ariz.) – the latter of two are ex officio members of the Intelligence Committee – sent two letters to acting CIA Director Michael Morell in December asking just what the CIA might have told the filmmakers about the effectiveness of enhanced interrogation.


The first letter, dated Dec. 19, focused on the possibility that the CIA "misled" the filmmakers into showing torture as an effective tactic.




"As you know, the film depicts CIA officers repeatedly torturing detainees. The film then credits CIA detainees subjected to coercive interrogation techniques as providing critical lead information on the courier that led to the [bin Laden] compound," the letter says. "The CIA cannot be held accountable for how the Agency and its activities are portrayed in film, but we are nonetheless concerned, given the CIA's cooperation with the filmmakers and the narrative's consistency with past public misstatements by former senior CIA officials, that the filmmakers could have been misled by information they were provided by the CIA."


Two days after the letter was sent, Morell posted a statement on the CIA website explaining that the movie was "not a realistic portrayal of the facts" but said some information did come from detainees subjected to enhanced interrogation.


"...[T]he film creates the strong impression that the enhanced interrogation techniques that were part of our former detention and interrogation program were key to finding Bin Laden. That impression is false," Morell said. "As we have said before, the truth is that multiple streams of intelligence led CIA analysts to conclude that Bin Laden was hiding in Abbottabad. Some came from detainees subjected to enhanced techniques, but there were many other sources as well. And, importantly, whether enhanced interrogation techniques were the only timely and effective way to obtain information from those detainees, as the film suggests, is a matter of debate that cannot and never will be definitively resolved."


The trio of Feinstein, Levin and McCain wrote the second letter on New Year's Eve in apparent frustration with that statement and asked Morell to provide information on what exactly the CIA learned from detainees who underwent harsh interrogation – and if it was learned before, during or after the detainees' ordeals.


A CIA spokesperson told ABC News today the agency had received the letters and "take[s] very seriously our responsibility to keep our oversight committees informed and value[s] our relationship with Congress."






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Pentagon welcomes fiscal deal, warns against cuts






WASHINGTON: US Defense Secretary Leon Panetta on Wednesday welcomed a deal to avert automatic budget cuts that would have slashed military spending and caused "damaging" consequences.

But the Pentagon chief urged more decisive action from Congress to remove the threat of mandatory cuts to defence spending that could be triggered in two months if lawmakers fail to break a stalemate over how to reduce the federal budget deficit.

"Had Congress not acted, the Department of Defense -- along with other federal agencies -- would have been forced to begin taking dramatic steps that would have severely impacted our civilian personnel and disrupted our mission," Panetta said in a statement.

He said he had warned for more than a year of the potentially disastrous impact if the automatic budget cuts, or sequestration, had gone ahead.

"Over the past few weeks, as we were forced to begin preparing to implement this law, my concerns about its damaging effects have only grown," he said.

Until the last-minute agreement was approved on Tuesday, Panetta said he was poised to notify the Pentagon's 800,000 civilian employees of possible rolling furloughs to absorb the budget cuts.

"Congress has prevented the worst possible outcome by delaying sequestration for two months. Unfortunately, the cloud of sequestration remains.

"The responsibility now is to eliminate it as a threat by enacting balanced deficit reduction," he said.

The Defense Department was already "doing its part" by cutting back planned spending by US$487 billion over the next ten years but the "spectre" of automatic cuts of another US$500 billion over the next decade had made it difficult to make budget plans, he said.

"We need to have stability in our future budgets."

Congress voted overnight on a stop-gap agreement that avoided across-the-board tax hikes and automatic spending cuts that had threatened to drive America back into recession.

The agreement, a political victory for President Barack Obama's White House, raised taxes on the very rich and delayed the threat of US$109 billion in automatic spending cuts for two months.

If the mandatory cuts were to enter into force, the Pentagon would be forced to scale back training for troops, slash spending for spy agencies, cancel purchases of some weapons and issue furloughs to large numbers of its vast civilian workforce, officials said.

The defence cuts amount to at least US$52.3 billion for 2013 -- or about 10 per cent across all the armed services -- under mandatory budget reductions, which were designed to be so drastic that Congress would reach a compromise to avoid heading over the "fiscal cliff."

If the automatic cuts go into effect in two months' time, the impact would be even more dramatic as a larger portion of the defence budget for fiscal year 2013 would be spent by then, officials said.

Some sceptics say the Pentagon and the defence industry have overstated the impact of the mandatory budget cuts, and that America's massive military spending needs to be trimmed back.

- AFP/jc



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SC notice to Centre and state on women safety

NEW DELHI: In the backdrop of Delhi's gruesome gang-rape and a spontaneous outpouring of public outrage, the Supreme Court on its first sitting in the New Year on Wednesday looked determined to make women feel safer and considered two PILs while seeking responses of the Centre and states in respect to one of them.

If a bench headed by Chief Justice Altamas Kabir agreed to list for hearing on Thursday a PIL by an ex-IAS officer seeking among other things suspension of MPs and MLAs chargesheeted in cases of sexual assault or crimes against women, another headed by Justice P Sathasivam sought responses of the Centre and all states to a PIL seeking stringent measures to make women safer.

The action was in Court number 3, where a bench of Justices Sathasivam, Ranjan Gogoi and V Gopalagowda not only entertained a PIL by advocate Mukul Kumar seeking elimination of discrimination against women and enhanced police protection, but suo motu (on its own) made all states party to the public interest litigation.

"We will comprehensively deal with the issues raised on safety of the women after receiving the responses from the state governments and the Centre," said the bench while giving them just four weeks to file reply affidavits.

Referring to the Wednesday TOI's front-page lead copy on another gang-rape, senior advocate Vikram Mahajan said the petitioner earnestly believed activating beat constables to protect women in the neighbourhood could prevent a lot of crime against women. "It is undisputed that women find the outside atmosphere increasingly unsafe," he said.

The petitioner also wanted the court to direct the concerned state governments to take strict penal action against khap panchayats advocating 'honour killing' and book the members of such bodies for murder.

"It is expedient in the present state of affairs for the Supreme Court to take cognizance of incidents spread across the country relating to violence against women and pass appropriate orders to the Centre and state governments to introduce and maintain comprehensive security measures for women," the petitioner said.

The petitioner referred to a 1991 judgment, in which the apex court had taken up the cause of widows being tortured and killed in Bihar and other parts of the country after being branded as witches. The court had called on the Bihar government to consider setting up of a special cell in each district where incidents of witch hunting had been reported. It had suggested posting policemen in plainclothes to collect information about crime in those affected districts.

The petitioner requested the court to direct setting up of all women police stations in all states to facilitate detecting crime against women, most of which goes unreported because of victim's fear of attracting social stigma. "Voluntary action bureaus and family counseling centres be set up in all police stations to provide rehabilitative services," the petitioner suggested.

The bench said there were certain states where all women police stations had been functioning. "We would like to ascertain the manner of their functioning from the states before passing any order," it said.

The PIL petitioner also sought implementation of the UN Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in letter and spirit and suggested strengthening of support services for victims of gender based violence.

The other PIL by ex-IAS officer Promilla Shanker was mentioned by advocate Pareena Swarup before a bench headed by CJI Altamas Kabir, which has posted the matter for hearing on Thursday before a bench of Justices K S Radhakrishnan and Dipak Misra.

Shanker, a 1976 batch UP-cadre IAS officer, has sought initiation of administrative and judicial initiatives to make women feel safe and secure and imposition of deterrent punishment to the offenders. She wants fast-tracking of all rape case trials.

Among the immediate measures she wanted was the strict implementation of the apex court's November 30 judgment, which ordered Centre and states to immediately take stringent measures against eve-teasing. But, the most striking relief she sought was "to suspend the membership and privileges of tainted MPs and MLAs, who are charge sheeted for rape and murder".

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Pictures: Errant Shell Oil Rig Runs Aground Off Alaska, Prompts Massive Response

Photograph courtesy Jonathan Klingenberg, U.S. Coast Guard

Waves lash at the sides of the Shell* drilling rig Kulluk, which ran aground off the rocky southern coast of Alaska on New Year's Eve in a violent storm.

The rig, seen above Tuesday afternoon, was "stable," with no signs of spilled oil products, authorities said. But continued high winds and savage seas hampered efforts to secure the vessel and the 150,000 gallons (568,000 liters) of diesel fuel and lubricants on board. The Kulluk came to rest just east of Sitkalidak Island (map), an uninhabited but ecologically and culturally rich site north of Ocean Bay, after a four-day odyssey, during which it broke free of its tow ships and its 18-member crew had to be rescued by helicopter.

The U.S. Coast Guard, state, local, and industry officials have joined in an effort involving nearly 600 people to gain control of the rig, one of two that Shell used for its landmark Arctic oil-drilling effort last summer. "This must be considered once of the largest marine-response efforts conducted in Alaska in many years," said Steve Russell, of Alaska's Department of Environmental Conservation.

The 266-foot (81-meter) rig now is beached off one of the larger islands in the Kodiak archipelago, a land of forest, glaciers, and streams about 300 miles (482 kilometers) south of Anchorage. The American Land Conservancy says that Sitkalidak Island's highly irregular coastline traps abundant food sources upwelling from the central Gulf of Alaska, attracting large numbers of seabirds and marine mammals. The largest flock of common murres ever recorded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service was in Sitkalidak Strait, which separates the island from Kodiak. Sitkalidak also has 16 wild salmon rivers and archaeological sites tied to the Alutiiq native peoples dating back more than 7,000 years.

Shell incident commander Susan Childs said Monday night that the company's wildlife management team had started to assess the potential impact of a spill, and would be dispatched to the site when the weather permitted. She said the Kulluk's fuel tanks were in the center of the vessel, encased in heavy steel. "The Kulluk is a pretty sturdy vessel," she said. " It just remains to be seen how long it's on the shoreline and how long the weather is severe."

Marianne Lavelle

*Shell is sponsor of National Geographic's Great Energy Challenge initiative. National Geographic maintains editorial autonomy.

Published January 2, 2013

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